RESUMO
Family functioning, understood as cohesion and adaptability, is critical in families with adolescent children, given the changes that this stage implies at the family level. Time perspective is one variable that can facilitate better family functioning through the way people give meaning to the process they live. In this study, we examined the relationship between family functioning and the time perspective of adolescent children's parents. The FACES IV and ZTPI were administered to 276 parents of adolescents. Regression analyses indicated that the past positive, past negative, and future scores predicted family cohesion and adaptability, explaining at least 20% of the variance. Balanced families, with greater cohesion and adaptability, presented a higher level of past positive and future-oriented temporal perspectives, compared to unbalanced families, which presented a greater orientation to the past negative and deviated from the balanced temporal profile. The importance of considering the inter-relationship between family functioning and time perspective was discussed, considering its impact on the health and well-being of families with adolescents.
RESUMO
Resumen Introducción: A pesar de disponer de métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos eficaces, el tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) es una afección que a lo largo de décadas ha causado una elevada morbilidad y mortalidad. Objetivo: Describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas y anatomo-patológicas de los diagnósticos de TEP en cadáveres que ingresaron por muerte súbita al Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Medellín 2010-2020. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de una cohorte retrospectiva, formada por los casos que ingresaron al Instituto de Medicina Legal por muerte súbita con causa de muerte por establecer, diagnosticados con TEP. Los análisis se realizaron con frecuencias y medidas de resumen en SPSS 27.0. Resultados: Entre 46097 necropsias médico legales realizadas en el período estudiado, 164 casos (0,36 %) corresponden a TEP. La edad media fue 57,0±19,3 años y 51,2% mujeres. El 57,9% fue muerte natural, en 37,2% se presentó trauma y 36,0% otro evento circulatorio. En la mayoría de los casos, el deceso ocurrió en la vivienda (47,0%) y la vía pública (25,6%). En la trombosis, 45,1% fue de la arteria pulmonar (trombo cabalgado); 34,8% de arterias pulmonares intraparenquimatosas y 52,4% de los fallecidos presentaron trombosis venosa profunda de miembros inferiores. Conclusión: El TEP es una importante causa de muerte en pacientes intra y extrahospitalarios, a pesar de los métodos diagnósticos, farmacológicos y no farmacológicos existentes para su prevención. La realización de un mayor número de autopsias clínicas permitirá revelar el verdadero impacto en nuestro medio de esta complicación y mejorar la calidad en el cuidado de los pacientes.
Abstract Introduction: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a medical complication that has caused high morbidity and mortality for a long time despite having highly effective diagnostic and therapeutic methods for treating it. Objective: To describe the clinical-epidemiological and anatomopathological characteristics of the diagnosis of PE in corpses that were ingressed in the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Medellín due to sudden death between the period 2010-2020. Methods: This is a descriptive cohort study carried out through the analysis of sudden death cases with cause of death to be established that were admitted at the Institute. Additionally, a diagnosis of PE was conducted on them and the analyzes were performed with frequencies and summary measures of SPSS 27.0. Results: From 46.097 legal-medical autopsies of the period studied, 164 cases (0.36%) corresponded to PE. The mean age was 57.0 ± 19.3 years and 51.2% were women. A percentage of 57.9% were natural deaths, 37.2% had trauma, and 36.0% presented another circulatory event. The highest proportion of deaths occurred in living places (47.0%) and public roads (25.6%). In terms of thrombosis, 45.1% occurred in the pulmonary artery, 34.8% in intraparenchymal pulmonary arteries, and 52.4% of the deceased had deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs. Conclusion: PE is a recurrent cause of death in intra-hospital and out-of-hospital patients despite the existing diagnostic, pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods for its prevention. Carrying out a greater number of clinical autopsies will reveal the true impact of this complication in our environment and improve the quality of patient care.
